高中英语语法题析(6)---动词不定式及动名词

动词不定式和动名词出题频率比较稳定，即不频繁，亦无间断。命题焦占主要集中在动词不定式和动名词的基本功能及正确形式，即（1）不定式to后面接原形动词，（2）动名词具有动词和名词两重功能，介词后面的动词必须以动名词形式出现。不定式和动名词常考题型

1. 不定型工to后面接原形动词
例题分析
　　(1) Astronauts circling the Earth may get to seen sixteen sunrises and sixteen sunsets every day.
　　[答案]  动词不定型式的标志to后面应接动词原形see。
　　(2) Using their bills as needles, tailorbirds sew large leaves together with plant fiber to forming their nests.
　　[答案]  to forming应改为to form正确的不定式形式。
　　(3) The poetry of E.E Cummings illustrates the way in which some poets bend graminastical rules as they strive to expression their insights.
　　[答案] 动词不定式to后面只能接原形动词，不能接名词。
　　(4) The dromedary camel is raised especially to racing.
　　[答案] 这是一个非常简单的动词不定式错误形式的考题。Racing应改为race,与to组成不定式。

2. 动词不定式作目的状语
　　解题要点 不定式结构在句中可以作多种成分，目的状语则是常考到的形式。
　例题分析
　　(1) A fuel is a substance used ------- light, heat .or energy .
　　  (A) generating  (B) generates  (C) to generate  (D) it is generating
　　  [答案] C 根据句意及结构，此句固选择动词不定式作目的状语。
　　(2) ------ stereophonic phonograph records, two recordings are made of the same musical performance.
　　  (A) Creates   (B) Created   (C) The creating of  (D) To create (92.10)
　　  [答案] D 这是典型的不定式作目的状语的句子。目的状语放在句首是表示强调。
　　(3) ------- time and labor, cartoonists generally draw the hands of their characters with only three fingers and a thumb.
　　  (A) Saved    (B) Saves    (C) To save     (D) The saving (91.5)
　　  [答案] C 此句与上面例题结构相同。不定式作目的状语，且放在句首表示强调。

3. 动名词的正确用法
　　解题要点 有关名词的考题并不很多，但有一个常出现的题型；介词后面的动词一定要用动名词形式，作介词的宾语。
　例题分析
　　(1) Microwave cooking can be accurately described as the first absolutely new method of prepare food since the discovery of fire.
　　  [答案] 介词of后面应接动名词形式，即of preparing。
　　(2) Most crickets have two pairs of fully developed wings, and muscular hind legs for jump.
　　  [答案] 动名原形jump位于介词for后面，故应改为动句词jumping。
　　(3) Because it is a healthful way to exercise derobic dancing is considered an excellent method for release tension.
　　  [答案] 动名词原形release位于介词for后面，故应改为动名词releasing。
　　(4) The Cubist movement in art was reaction against traditional methods of portray reality.
　　  [答案] 动词原形portray应改为动名词portraying即作前面介词of的宾语，自身又带宾语reality。 　

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